J.C. Penney Company Inc., founded in 1902, is one of the best known brand names in American retailing. The chain, commonly known as JCPenney, has historically been heavily dependent on promotions, discounts and sales.
Why You Should (Almost) Never Use the van Westendorp Pricing Model
Setting the pricing strategy for a product or service is one of the most important challenges any marketer faces. Compared with other elements of the marketing mix, pricing strategy has the most direct impact on...
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When It Comes to “Up To” Claims, Make Sure You Have the Right Substantiation
We’ve all heard ads that make “up to” claims, such as “save up to 50%,” or “lose up to 10% of your body fat.” This post describes what these claims mean and how claim substantiation...
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How to Measure False Advertising in a Litigation Survey
False advertising surveys are frequently used in intellectual property matters. This post describes the circumstances when false advertising surveys are typically used and explores the expectations and requirements for designing and executing a false advertising...
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Using Surveys to Estimate Damages in Patent Infringement Matters
Surveys are commonly presented in litigation matters involving Lanham Act issues such as trademarks and false advertising. Increasingly, litigation surveys are also used to estimate damages in patent infringement matters.